An introduction to microgreens: characteristics and distinction
Microgreens are becoming increasingly popular in more and more countries for good reason. These nutritious and tasty greens are packed with flavor and nutrition and can be used in a variety of dishes. In this article, we will define microgreens and explore the types of microgreens, why they are becoming popular, and other frequently asked questions. We will also discuss the distinction between microgreens' taste, their different colors, and the levels of growers who can attempt to grow microgreens. By the end of this article, you will have a better understanding of microgreens and how to include them in your diet.
Outline of the article:
1. Characteristics of Microgreens
1.1 Definition of microgreens
1.2 Structure of microgreens
1.3 Substrates used for microgreens
1.4 Nutritional properties and usage
1.5 History and market importance
2. Types of Microgreens
2.1 Distinction by colors
2.2 Distington by taste
2.3 Distinction level of advancement
3. The Best Practices for Growing Microgreens
3.1 Choosing the Right Seeds for Microgreens
3.2 Selecting the Best Growing Medium
3.3 Lighting and Environmental Control
3.4 Watering Techniques and Moisture Control
3.5 Cleanliness and Air Circulation
4. Creative Ways to Incorporate Microgreens into Your Meals
4.1 Elevate Your Breakfasts with Microgreens
4.2 Add Microgreens to Main Courses
4.3 Boost Your Sandwiches and Wraps
4.4 Create Gourmet-Style Garnishes
4.5 Blend Microgreens into Sauces and Dips
5. FAQ
5.1 Who buys microgreens?
5.2 Are microgreens the same as sprouts?
5.3 Who can grow microgreens?
5.4 Can I grow microgreens at home?
6. Conclusion
1. Characteristics of microgreens
Characteristics of microgreens may consist of many things. We decided that the most important are their definition, structure, substrates used for growth, and nutritional properties. We will discuss each of these topics in greater or lesser detail.
1.1 Definition of Microgreens
Microgreens called as well microleaves are young seedlings of popular vegetables harvested at the stage of leaf development, often before the formation of the first pair of leaves (after sprouting, before the baby leaves phase). Harvesting typically takes place up to 2-3 weeks after germination, above the ground level, so - unlike sprouts - the seed and root are not eaten, which reduces the potential transfer of pathogens. They are used as a food product with a high content of minerals and for decoration (so-called garnishing) of dishes.
1.2 Structure of microgreens
The microleaves are always sheared above the ground level and the seed and root are not delivered in the edible part. They are made up of:
- root,
- stem,
- cotyledons
- and true leaves.
1.3 Substrates used for microgreens
Microleaves can grow in organic substrates or hydroponically in sterile substrates on special trays with indoor natural light or with artificial light in vertical cultivation. The most popular substrates for microgreens are:
- coconut coir,
- coconut mats,
- cellulose,
- soil - peat substrate
- perlan.
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1.4 Nutritional properties and usage
These greens, although small in size, provide an intense flavor and concentrated nutrition profile, adding a unique twist to:
- salads,
- sandwiches,
- coctails,
- pesto,
- juices,
- soups,
- and other culinary creations.
Many scientific studies have found that micro greens can help to reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and stroke. Microleaves are rich in phytonutrients and have a health-promoting effect, making them a functional food to be used in daily diet or targeted food therapy. They are especially beneficial due to their high content of:
- vitamins (like A, C, E, K),
- minerals (like calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium, or zinc)
- ascorbic acid,
- tocopherols,
- polyphenols,
- flavonoids,
- and many more.
According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)** in 100 grams of mixed microleaves has arround 30 calories. Of course, amount of calories in each green depends of its variety, and as some tests shows from the cultivating temperature, light and time. For example:
- 100 grams of broccoli microgreens = 35 calories,
- 100 grams of sunflower microgreens = 20 calories.
For those looking to deliver more micronutrients to their body without adding too much calories or fat planning incorporating some fresh microgreen varieties into meals could be an effective way to do so!
1.5 History and market importance
Although the genesis of microgreens by themselves dates back to ancient times, the history of popularity of this super food is quite fresh.
Most sources say that microgreens first appeared in the late years of XX century as an additive used to garnish food and beverages in luxury restaurants on the US West Coast, and transferred slowly by slowly to the rest of the world later on.
The microleaf market is booming - worth over USD 1.2 billion in 2019, it's predicted to reach a massive USD 2 billion by 2028*! Research centers are seeing more and more interest in cultivating small veggies due to potential advantages like achieving independence from unpredictable weather patterns as well as faster responses during emergencies such as wars or natural disasters.
2. Types of Microgreens
2.1 Distinction of microgreens by colors
We use various microgreens to add color and flavor to dishes. The colors of these microgreens vary depending on the type of cultivation, as well as the variety. For example, more light results in greener shades while cooler temperatures tend to produce red and yellow hues.
Different microgreens types can be divided into three main color categories:
- Green Microgreens: Arugula, Sunflower-Big, Broccoli Calabresse, Pea etc.
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- Red Microgreens: Amaranth, Red Radish, Beetroot, Sorrel Red Veined, Red Pak Choi etc.
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- Yellow Microgreens: Corn, Onion, Daikon Radish, Yellow Beet etc.
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These distinct colors can create interesting contrasts and add texture for a truly unique culinary experience. Moreover, their delicate flavor adds an extra dimension to your dish that is sure to tantalize the taste buds!
2.2 Distington microgreens by taste
Microgreens offer an exciting range of flavors, allowing you to craft a perfectly balanced dish. Those looking for an extra kick can opt for the spicy varieties such as radishes, mustards and nasturtiums. For the milder palette, there is the option of peas, beets, carrots, cabbage and parsley. It is important to note that the temperature and length of time spent growing play a role in spiciness - as such it may be beneficial to adjust these variables to get your desired taste.
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2.3 Distinction of microgreens by the level of advancement
Gardening is a great way to get outside and enjoy nature, but it can be especially enjoyable if you put your skills to the test.
Microgreens for beginners
For novice gardeners looking for an easy start in microgreens:
- mustard seeds,
- radishes,
- broccoli,
- cress,
- kohlrabi,
- mizuna
- and arugula are all delicious options that can be grown easily from home!
Microgreens for patient/advanced gardeners
On the other hand more advanced growers who have time on their hands may wish to try other microgreens types:
- coriander,
- parsley,
- basil,
- dill,
- nasturtium,
- or fennel.
Whatever microgreens you choose will bring flavor into any dish - just make sure you read product descriptions carefully before sowing those seeds!
3. The Best Practices for Growing Microgreens
Whether you’re new to microgreens or a seasoned grower, following best practices is key to healthy and vibrant microleafs. These tips apply to all types of microgreens and will help you get consistent results in both home and commercial environments.
If you’d like a detailed description of each microgreen variety, you can explore our dedicated blog posts or check the product descriptions in our webshop.
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3.1 Choosing the Right Seeds for Microgreens
Start with seeds that are specifically labeled for microgreens. These are often untreated and tested for high germination rates. Different types of microgreens grow at different speeds — for example, radishes are fast and great for beginners, while herbs like basil or cilantro take more time and patience.
Pro tip: Try experimenting with both fast-growing greens and slower micro herbs types to create a balanced tray of flavors and textures.
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3.2 Selecting the Best Growing Medium
The growing medium plays a vital role in the success of your microgreens—affecting germination rates, moisture control, and overall crop quality. Choosing the right substrate ensures healthy root development and consistent growth across different types of microgreens.
In our webshop, we offer a curated selection of high-quality substrates suitable for both beginners and experienced growers:
- Cocomat – A natural and eco-friendly mat made from coconut fibers. It's durable, holds moisture well, and supports strong root anchoring.
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- Refibre – Lightweight and highly absorbent, ideal for clean growing environments and excellent water distribution.
- Hempfibre – 100% biodegradable and chemical-free, this option is great for growers looking for sustainable and compostable solutions.
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- Cococoir – Loose coconut coir that provides excellent aeration and water retention, making it a versatile medium for many micro herbs types.
When growing multiple microgreens types in the same space, selecting a substrate that balances moisture retention with airflow is key. Each of the substrates we offer is well-suited to a wide variety of microleafs and supports healthy, mold-resistant growth in both soil-free and hydroponic systems.
3.3 Lighting and Environmental Control
Microgreens thrive under consistent lighting. Whether using natural sunlight or artificial grow lights, aim for 12–16 hours of light per day. Cooler temperatures can slow down growth, while too much heat may lead to legginess or poor flavor development.
- Green microleafs like broccoli and arugula prefer cooler conditions.
- Red and yellow microgreens such as amaranth or corn often develop better color with slight temperature variations.
3.4 Watering Techniques and Moisture Control
Use a fine mist to keep seeds moist during germination, then shift to bottom watering to prevent mold as they grow. The key is balance — you want moisture without saturation.
Watch out for: Poor drainage and excess humidity, especially when growing multiple micro herbs types in dense trays.
3.5 Cleanliness and Air Circulation
Good hygiene keeps pests and diseases at bay. Sanitize trays and tools between crops, and use fans for gentle airflow.
Adequate spacing between trays helps prevent mold — especially in delicate or slow-growing microgreens types.
4. Creative Ways to Incorporate Microgreens into Your Meals
Microgreens are more than a finishing touch. Thanks to the variety of microgreens types, they can be seamlessly integrated into every part of your daily meals, from breakfast to dinner — and even in snacks and drinks.
4.1 Elevate Your Breakfasts with Microgreens
Start your day with a nutritional punch. Mild greens like sunflower, pea shoots, or cress work well in:
- Smoothies (for added fiber and antioxidants)
- Scrambled eggs or omelets
- Avocado toast or breakfast wraps
4.2 Add Microgreens to Main Courses
Microgreens bring a pop of color and flavor to lunch and dinner dishes. Consider mixing in spicy varieties like mustard or radish for an unexpected kick in:
- Stir-fries and grain bowls
- Pasta dishes and risottos
- Grilled proteins (sprinkle them on top for garnish and texture)
4.3 Boost Your Sandwiches and Wraps
Swap out lettuce with more flavorful and nutritious options:
- Broccoli or arugula microgreens bring a peppery crunch.
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- Beetroot micro herbs types provide a sweet, earthy depth.
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- Red cabbage or mizuna adds vibrant color and texture.
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Layering multiple microgreens types can turn a simple sandwich into something gourmet.
4. 4 Create Gourmet-Style Garnishes
Use colorful and uniquely shaped micro herbs types to elevate your plating — whether for a special dinner or everyday meals:
- Top off soups, curries, or even tacos with vibrant amaranth or red-veined sorrel.
- Add them to appetizers like bruschetta or deviled eggs.
- Use them as elegant toppers for desserts or cocktails (nasturtiums work wonderfully here).
4.5 Blend Microgreens into Sauces and Dips
Microgreens don’t always need to be used whole. Their intense flavor can be blended into:
- Green sauces like chimichurri or pesto
- Dips like hummus or guacamole
- Salad dressings and marinades
Experiment with different types of microgreens to find your favorite mix — basil and parsley for herbaceous blends, or radish for a peppery twist.
5. FAQ
5.1 Who buys microgreens?
Microgreens are typically purchased by restaurants, grocery stores, health food stores, home-gardeners but also by subscription programs/home deliveries.
5.2 Are microgreens the same as sprouts?
Not exactly! Sprouts and microgreens might look similar, but they are two distinct forms of immature plants. Despite their differences - like harvesting time, shelf life, shape/form and mold susceptibility – they both provide essential minerals and vitamins that make them key components of a healthy diet!
5.3 Who can grow microgreens?
Anyone with a little patience and a lot of enthusiasm can grow their own microgreens! All you need is some soil, pots or trays, and the right seeds for your microgreen variety.
5.4 Can I grow microgreens at home?
Absolutely! Growing microgreens at home is a fun and rewarding experience. All you need is some soil, pots or trays, and the right seeds for the variety of microgreens you want to grow.
6. Conclusion
In conclusion, microgreens are small edible plants that have a delicate flavor and provide numerous nutritional benefits. They come in an array of colors and tastes and can be distinguished based on their growth level. Microgreens are increasingly popular amongst chefs, home cooks, and health-conscious eaters looking for fresh ways to enhance meals. Anyone with the right materials and a little patience can easily grow microgreens at home.
Keep growing,
Caroline
Any questions?
Contact me via email: [email protected]
*Allied Market Research, Global Microgreens Market to Garner $2.04 Billion by 2028: Allied Market Research,
**USDA, https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/